The phenomenon of sharing economy is also named by using it terminology digital economy, collaborative consumption 2. In the first study we found out that sharing economy and peer to peer accommodation especially are good for tourism destinations. The sharing economy involves shortterm peertopeer transactions to share use of idle assets and services or to facilitate collaboration. Around the world, a new wave of peer to peer, accessdriven businesses is shaking up established categories. These include variability or diversity in demand, the absence of scale economies in production, and of course the existence of wellfunctioning spot markets to match buyers and sellers effectively. Sharing economy companies often use mobile apps to drive the majority of transactions, making the peer to peer marketplace convenient and costeffective. It has grown exponentially online in the past ten years thanks to the internet.
How africa can inspire the future of the sharing economy. The peersharing project, which is funded by the federal ministry of education and research, therefore aims to specify and empirically explore the socialecological effects and potentials of peertopeer sharing platforms. This paper described a peer to peer version of the electronic cash that would allow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution. This form of exchange has expanded dramatically in recent years, moving beyond simple re. Cc has been expected to alleviate societal problems such as hyperconsumption, pollution, and poverty by lowering the cost of economic coordination within communities. A peer to peer, or p2p, economy is a decentralized model whereby two individuals interact to buy or sell. It is probably always a richer experience engaging in p2p than the global economy strife with blandness and the negative human consequences that go along with it. Additionally, the study suggests directions for future research in order to advance the understanding of trust in the sharing economy. You may distribute a modified work under the same or similar license. Whether borrowing goods, renting homes, or serving up microskills. A guide to peertopeer learning effective institutions. This paper summarizes three years of ethnographic work on commons based peer production communities within the research project p2pvalue, funded by the european commission. In the past few years multiple peertopeer p2p sharing economy platforms, such as. Peer to peer, or p2p, networks have thrown the media industry into turmoil, changing the flow of information from a onetomany model with newspaper publishers.
The impact of illegal peertopeer file sharing on the. Peer to peer p2p is a term that originated from the popular concept of the p2p distributed computer application architecture which. Focus on finance describes a growing trend peer to peer lendingas an alternative for borrowers and potential investment opportunity for lenders. Variously referred to as crowdbased capitalism, the collaborative economy, or the gig economy for a full list click here the shared economy refers to decentralised, peer to peer economic. Economic models for management of resources in peer to. Selfregulation and innovation in the peertopeer sharing. Peer to peer technology has changed other industries like transportation and lodging, and yard club has developed an innovative solution initially for the construction equipment industry, says caterpillar americas distribution services division vice president phil kelliher. The impact of illegal peer to peer file sharing on the media industry university of california, berkeley vol.
We developed a definition for our understanding of peertopeer learning as. It enables individuals to borrow and lend money without any financial institution as an intermediary, and extends credit to borrowers who are unable to get it through traditional financial institutions. The definition of the sharing economy adopted in this study is also similar to the. Many new networks are being established and thousands of users are part of such p2p networks. Availability of peer to peer accommodation enables wider selection of destinations for tourists, increase length of stay, travel frequency and number of activities tourists participate in the destination. Definition and core properties of peertopeer sharing economy platforms. Pdf platforms in the peertopeer sharing economy researchgate.
For the reasons outlined in the introduction including the. This nationwide consumer survey commissioned jointly by the travel technology association and the internet association shines a light on americas emerging sharing economy culture. The sharing economy is the peer to peer based activity of obtaining, giving, or sharing access to good and services. This means that both consumers and the overall economy benefit as it decreases the amounts of payday loans.
Peer learning principles peer learning is most effective when learning objectives are clear, and peer engagements are structured to maximise these objectives. In this paper, we will consider peer to peer lending companies as digital matching firms. Business models in the peer to peer economy, slides presentation, conference on the peer to peer economy, brussels, february 16, 2016. Furthering peertopeer and collaborative learning methods. We think of the entry of peer to peer markets as potentially. Peer to peer lending is a form of crowdfunding used to raise loans for people who need to borrow, from people who want to invest. The economics of peer to peer networks abstract peer to peer p2p networks have emerged as a popular alternative to traditional clientserver architectures for the distribution of information goods. The peer to peer business model works on the premise of playing matchmaker between individuals with a service to offer and others who could use that service. Peer to peer p2p filesharing is enabled by software that treats users as both clients and servers. Miriam segal, june 25, 2015issue brief 10, peer to peer lendingdownload. Maybe a low credit score, lack of collateral, or small loan amount dont fit with large lending sources. The variety of names mirrors the confusion that surrounds this concept. Conceptualizing the sharing economy through presenting a.
Pdf commons based peer production in the information. Peer to peer platforms have become vital to american travelers and consumers. Peer to peer is probably the preferred economy for everyday folk, including you and me. The wideranging implications of the shift to a sharing economy, a new model of organizing economic activity that may supplant traditional corporations.
The benefits of this form of lending are that it reduces usurious interest rates dramatically. Users who engage in filesharing over a certain piece of p2p software typically do not communicate with a single central server, as these programs tend to be very decentralized and the users tend to communicate. Examples of the sharing economy are not limited to uber and lyft and include a wide range of. An interactive exchange that takes place at eye level or eyetoeye, which is based on trust in the. Giving someone a ride, having a guest in your spare room, running errands for someone, participating in a supper clubthese are not revolutionary concepts. The sharing economy is the peertopeer based activity of obtaining, giving, or sharing. Coming up with a solid definition of the sharing economy that reflects. In this paper, the terms grid and peer to peer p2p are synonymous and interchang eable. Frenken et al 2015 defined the collaborative economy as the economy in which consumers grant other consumers temporary access to underutilised assets possibly for money. Peertopeer sharing is conceptualized as the shared use of material re. Below examples of each of these trends are given and the positioning of this. The idea behind peer to peer lending is not a new one.
In chapter 5 we will turn from the internal organization of peer projects to the big picture, discussing how a multitude of such projects might. Social peer to peer processes are interactions with a peer to peer dynamic. With an immense increase in the peer to peer computing paradigm, peershark 14, a novel method was introduced to detect botnet traffic in peer to peer network. The sharing economy often involves some type of online platform that connects buyers and seller. In this vein, peer to peer collaborative economy, which was on the fringe for quite some time, has begun to gain grounds in the mainstream economy as well as the academic discourse see e. Industrial organization, law and economics, labor studies, productivity, innovation, and entrepreneurship peer to peer markets such as ebay, uber, and airbnb allow small suppliers to compete with traditional providers of goods or services. There is considerable variety of practice, and it is a merit of the system that there is no single model of good practice.
Sharing economy services have exploded in popularity over recent years with many expecting this trend to continue, with the total value of the global sharing economy predicted to increase to some. In 2345, we proposed and explored the usage of an economics based paradigm for managing resource allocation in grid computing environments. The current and future state of the sharing economy. Monitoring of file sharing in peer to peer network was introduced in timpanaro et al. Value of the global sharing economy 20142025 statista. Your company can provide the platform, rules and regulations, and paymentremuneration methods to facilitate this type of communitybased business. Empirical evidence of the benefits and costs of the sharing economy and its implications for. The effect extends well beyond what has been called the sharing economy featuring many instances of peer to peer coordination. Empirical evidence of the benefits and costs of the sharing economy and its implications for sustainability and employment is very limited and inconclusive, particularly as regards the. Studying the effects of peertopeer sharing economy platforms on. Peer to peer learning is, in its practice, equally widespread as it is vague.